Machine for the manufacture of



JmL 25, 1933 M. E. GIRODIN MACHINE FOR THE MANUFACTRE OF BISCUITS FiledFeb. 26, 195'?A 2 Sheets-Sheet l [NVE-NTO@ MM Jan. 25, i938. M. E.GlRoDlN MACHINE FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF BISCUITS 2 sheets-sheet 2 FiledFeb. 26, 1937 l f.. f.. 1 /I /f l f/ /f r n l. \\NN m.. u. n J I .L L.

S, m S4 Erqes-' G froci fn v WVENTOE Patented Jan. 25, 1938 iran STATE-sMAcrnNn Fon.

THE MANUFACTURE OF BISCUITS Marius Ernest Girodin, Quimper, Franceappaltanti February ze, 1937, serial Ns. 127,844

in France March-ii, 1936 't enum. (ci. ier-1) Certain biscuits .areproduced manually by spreading a semi-liquid paste upon an inclinedheating plate, and in then winding the film ob tained after baking, upona suitable knife-blade. The present invention has for its object toprovide a machine for the automatic manufacture of such biscuits.

The machine for carrying out the said process is chiey distinguished bythe fact that it comprises in combination a movable heating surface, afeeding device for the paste which comprises several small pumps adaptedto deliver the paste through one or morenozzles, each of which producesa strip of paste upon the heating surface, a straight rotatable bladelocated slightly above the moving heating surface, said blade beinginclined from the direction of movement of said heating surface, in suchway as to helically wind the ilm of baked paste and form a continuousltube and shears having a rapid movement, mounted at the end of saidrotatable blade, and adapted to cut up into sections said tube.

The heating surface preferably consists of a rotatable inclined ring. f

According to other features of the invention the machine furthercomprises a scraper for detachthe invention, this view being intendedprincipally.v

to show the inclination of the heating surface.

Fig. 2 is a corresponding plan view, but in this gure asin the twofollowing gures, the heating surface is supposed to be brought to thehorizontal position.

Fig. 3 is a partial elevational view on a larger scale.

Fig. 4 is a corresponding plan view.

Fig. 5 ,is a partial vertical section on the Aline 5 5 of Fig. 4,through one of the feeding devices.

In the embodiment herein represented,l the heating surface consists ofthe upper surface. which is trimmed perfectly plane, of a at ring Ihaving a U section (Figs. 3-4), the flanges of which are directeddownwardly. Between said anges is mounted a heating gas burner 2 (Figs.'f

3 and 4). The ring I is rotatable on an inclined axis X-X (Fig. l). Theline mm (Figs. 2-4) represents the lineof the heating surface having thegreatest slope.

The ring i is mountedv on three rollers 3-4-5 (Figs. l to 4). theiraxles t (Figs. 3 4), which are secured to supports 'i resting upon aninclined base 3. The

roller E, which acts by friction to give to the ring I a movement ofrotation in the direction of the arrow f1, is keyed to a shaft 9 (Figs.3 4) which is rotatable in'supports I0 secured to the base 8.

Shaft 9 is driven by means of a bevel gearing II, by a shaft I2. Thisshaft is driven-through a transmission consisting of a chain i3 andchain wheels I4 and I5 (Fig. 4)-by a main shaft i6 carrying a drivingpulley i1. f

Above the heating surface I, and practicall at the level o f itshorizontal diameter, and inthe ascending region, is located a receptacleI8 containing paste (Figs. 1 .3-4). The said receptacle, which isvertical (Fig. 1), is connected by a cock I8 and a pipe 2G to the mainbody of afeeding device 2I. The said paste receptacle and feeding deviceare secured to a support 22 (Fig. 3) mounted on the base 8.

The said feeding device comprises (Figs. l3- t-) a set of small pumpsthe pistons'u'of which (Fig. 3) are driven for example by an eccentric26 extending along the whole length of the row of pistons and with whichthey are held in contact by springs 28. The feeding device furthercomprises a cylindrical rotary-valve 21 to which is keyed a lever 28provided with a roller 29 which is held in contact with a cam 30 by atractionvspring 8|. Thecani 30 and the eccentric .25 are keyed to .ashaft 32 which is driven from the shaft I6, for instance through 'atransmission consisting of a chain 83 and chain wheels 84-85.

The rotary-valve 21 comprises: On the one hand a channel' which connectsthe pipe 20 to the pumps when the lever 28 is at the top of its stroke;

And on the other hand, diametrical holes '31 which connect the pumpswith nozzles 38;-88

when the lever 28 is at the bottom of its stroke.

'I'he nozzles, are directed to one side o'f the feeding device, forinstance to the rear, and the nozzles, 38, which are located in thespaces between the nozzles 38, are directed to the-.opposite The rollers3 and d are loose on l I side. The stripsof paste which are fed out bythe nozzles 88-89- are represented by hatched portions 38 (Fig. 4), andthe strips which are fed out bythe nozzles 39 are represented at 38e andare hatched in a. contrary direction.

0n the upward side of the feeding devicewith reference to thedirectionof rotation of the ring I, is located a brush 40 (Figs. 3-4)mounted on a shaft-II which is perpendicular to the ring I.

This shaft 4I is driven by the main shaft I6, for instance through atransmission comprising a chain wheel 4d, a chain d2, a chain wheel 43mounted on an intermediate shaft 45, and a bevel gearing 46. The shafts6l and d5 rotate in a support 41 upon which is mounted a vertical Vtank48 provided with a cock 68 which is situated above the ring I. Said tankcontains the fatty material To the shaft l is pivoted the end of a memfber 5U (Fig. 4). In the other end of said member is rotatable a shaft 5I(Fig. 4) which is parallel to theshaft I6 and is driven by the latter,for instance through a transmission consisting of a chain d2 and chainwheels 553-56. Above the ring I, the shaft 5I extends in the form of ablade 55 having a willow-leaf section; it also carries a cam 56 theoutline of which is a curve parallel to the cross section of the blade55. The said cam is in contact with a roller 57 the axle of which ismounted on the base.

Adjacent the end of the blade S5 are mounted shears 5t which areactuated by links 519-50, levers SL-SZ, and a rodI 53 having a slottedend S4 in which is engaged the crank-pin te of a lever SS oscillatingabout an axle 6l which is secured to the base 8. The said lever @Ecarries a roller SB which is held in contact with a cam 69 by a strongtraction spring 7b. The cam S is keyed to the shaft l2 and rotates inthe direcsituated under a cover l2 forming a tunnel and A covering apart of the ring i.

A scraper 73 (Figs. 3-4), pivoted to the support M, is applied againstthe ring I between the blade 55 and the brush 4G.

The operation is as follows: After the semiliquid paste has been placedin the receptacle I, and the fatty material in the tank '48, and whenthe heating of the ring i has become sufficient, the cock t9 of the tank66 is opened, and then the cock IS of the tank I8, so that the pastewill not ow upon the ring I except when this latter has been regularlyspread with fatty material by the brush 5G.

The feeding device 2| then acts in the following manner. The upwardstroke of the piston 24, under the action of theeccentric 25 and thesprings 2S, takes place when the rotary valve 2l is in thepositicn shownin Fig. 5, and the paste is withdrawn by the pistons. During the downward stroke, the valve has the position shown in Fig. 3, and the pasteis delivered to the nozzles 38-39. The paste discharged from thenozzles, due to its fluidity, will spread out in the form of continuousstrips 38a, leaving spaces between them which are covered by the pasteflowing from the nozzles 39 and forming strips 39a. The ring is` thusfinally covered with a film F (Fig. 4) which is continuous both in thedirection of the length and the width, owing to the fluidity of thepaste.- The paste then begins to dry in the open part, and the baking iscompleted when it passes through the tunnel l2. After it has proceededbeyond the blade 55, the end of the film is detached from the ring l bythe scraper 13* and is then manually engaged by means of a spatulaaround the blade 55 in order to commence its winding. The machine thenworks automatically and in a ontinuousmanner. The ratio of the speeds ofthe ring I and of the blade clination of the blade 55, the film of bakedpaste slides along said blade during the winding which is thus helical,hence producing a continuous tube whose internal cross-section is thatof the blade 55.

Said tube proceeds from the end of the said blade into the shears 58which cut it up into sections by a very rapid movement which is 0btainedas follows: which the different parts have the position shown in Figure3, the cam 69, turning in the direction of the arrow, acts upon theroller 68 and the lever S6, while stretching the spring 10. The spring'II draws the link 63 in the same movement; the opening of the shears 58increases until the roller 68 has moved over the whole of the inclinedpart of the cam 69. The lever 66 then returns abruptly to the positionshown in Fig. 3, moving the shears towards their closing position, whichthey attain by reason of the kinetic energy acquired and by means of theslotted part of the rod 63. The spring ll at once brings back this rodt3 and also the shears, to the position shown in Figure 3. The tube ofbaked paste is thus cut up during its rotation, Without any damage tothe parts adjacent the cut.

Each section thus forms a biscuit.

Obviously, the invention is not limited to the embodiment hereindescribed .and represented, which is given solelyby 4way of example.

Having now described my invention what I claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent is:

1. A machine for the manufacture of biscuits of the type describedcomprising a movable heatlng surface, paste delivering means adapted todeliver paste upon said heating surface so as to of the type describedcomprising a movable heatl0 Starting from the time at ing surface, afirst series of spaced nozzles adapt-A ed to deliver paste upon saidheating surface so as to form a ilrst series of spaced parallelcontinuous strips of paste, a second series of spaced nozzles located ata distance behind said rst series of nozzles in the direction of travelof said heating surface and adapted to deliver paste so as to form asecond series of spaced parallel continuous strips of paste between thestrips of said flrstseries of strips, said second series of stripsforming by union with said first series of strips a continuous film ofpaste.' means adapted to helically wind said film of paste after bakingso as to vform a tube and means adapted to cut up said tube intosections.

3. A machine as claimed in claim l, in which of paste consists of arotatable straight blade which ls parallel with said heating surface andis oblique with reference to the direction of travel of said heatingsurface.

5. A machine as claimed in claim 1, in which said means adapted tohelically wind'said illm of paste consists of a rotatable straight bladewhich is parallel with saidheating surface-:and

is oblique with reference to the direction of travel of said heatingsurface and further comprising a scraper engaging said heating surfacein front of said rotatable straight blade whereby the lm of paste isdetached from said heating surface.

6. A machine for the manufacture oif biscuits of the type described,comprising a at inclined rotatable heating ring, a rst series of nozzlesadapted to deliver paste upon said heating ring so as to form a rstseries of spaced parallel `continuous strips of paste, a second seriesof spaced nozzles located at a distance behind said rst series ofnozzles in the direction of travel of said heating ring and adapted to'deliver paste 1` strips, said second series of strips forming by unionwith said irst series of strips a continuous L fllm of paste, a straightrotatable blade parallel with the upper surface of-said heating andoblique with reference to the tangent to said heating ring at the pointwhere is situated said rotatable blade, whereby, whensaid nlm of pasteis engaged about said rotatable blade, -lt is wound helically about saidrotatable blade in form of a tube and slides along the same, shearshaving an opening and closing movement ar' ranged at the end of saidrotatable blade so that said tube escaping from said rotatable bladeproceeds through said shears whereby said tube is cut up into sectionseach o! which constitutes a biscuit.

'1. A machine as claimed in claim 6, in which the speed of rotation ofsaid rotatable blade and the speed of rotation of said heating ring aresuch that when the nlm of paste is engaged

